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<title>Polymerase basic Protein 1</title>
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Polymerase basic Protein 1</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable hintergrundfarbe-basis infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Protein_" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Protein">
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Polymerase basic Protein 1
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<td>Andere Namen
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<td colspan="2">
<ul><li>Polymerase basic protein 1 (Influenzavirus A)</li>
<li>RNA-directed RNA polymerase catalytic subunit</li></ul>
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<td colspan="3" class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="font-size:smaller;">
<p>Vorhandene Strukturdaten: <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2ZNL">2ZNL</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2ZTT">2ZTT</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3A1G">3A1G</a>
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<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Masse</a>/Länge <a href="Prim%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Primärstruktur">Primärstruktur</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">757 <a href="Aminos%C3%A4uren" title="Aminosäuren">Aminosäuren</a>, 86.576 <a href="Atomare_Masseneinheit" title="Atomare Masseneinheit">Da</a>
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Bezeichner
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<td>Externe IDs
</td>
<td colspan="2" class="">
<ul><li><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P03431">P03431</a></li></ul>
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Enzymklassifikation
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<td><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC, Kategorie</a>
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<td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brenda-enzymes.org/enzyme.php?ecno=2.7.7.48">2.7.7.48</a>
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<td colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122; text-align:center;"><a href="Homologie_(Genetik)#Homologie_zwischen_verdoppelten_oder_fremden_Genen" title="Homologie (Genetik)">Orthologe</a>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122; text-align:center;">Influenzavirus A/PuertoRico/8/1934 (H1N1)
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122; text-align:center;">Influenzavirus A/California/07/2009 (H1N1)
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Entrez_Gene" title="Entrez Gene">Entrez</a>
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<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=956534&rn=1">956534</a></span>
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<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=23308122&rn=1">23308122</a></span>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a>
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<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P03431">P03431</a>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/C3W5X7">C3W5X7</a>
</td></tr>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (Protein)
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_040985.1">NP_040985.1</a>
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<td>
</td></tr>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>-Suche
</td>
<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=956534">956534</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=23308122">23308122</a></span>
<p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
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</p><p><b>PB1</b> ist eines der bis zu elf verschiedenen <a href="Protein" title="Protein">Proteine</a> des <a href="Influenzavirus" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenzavirus">Influenzavirus</a> A (IAV).
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenschaften">Eigenschaften</h2></div>
<p>PB1 ist ein internes Protein des IAV und kommt im <a href="Virion" title="Virion">Virion</a> vor. Es ist eines der drei viralen Proteine des <a href="RNA-Polymerase" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA-Polymerase">RNA-Polymerase</a>-Komplexes neben <a href="PA_(Influenzavirus_A)" class="mw-redirect" title="PA (Influenzavirus A)">PA</a> und <a href="PB2" class="mw-redirect" title="PB2">PB2</a>. PB1 ist neben PB2 ein Polymeraseprotein mit basischem <a href="Isoelektrischer_Punkt" title="Isoelektrischer Punkt">isoelektrischen Punkt</a>, während PA einen sauren (aciden) isoelektrischen Punkt aufweist.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daher stammt die Abkürzung des Namens.
</p><p>Gelegentlich wird aus einem zweiten <a href="Offenes_Leseraster" class="mw-redirect" title="Offenes Leseraster">offenen Leseraster</a> ein nichtessentielles Protein PB1-F2 gebildet.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Der RNA-Polymerase-Komplex ist im <a href="Replikationszyklus" title="Replikationszyklus">Replikationszyklus</a> für die <a href="Replikation" title="Replikation">Replikation</a> und die <a href="Transkription_(Biologie)" title="Transkription (Biologie)">Transkription</a> der viralen <a href="RNA" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA">RNA</a> zuständig. Die Transkription der viralen <a href="MRNA" title="MRNA">mRNA</a> erfolgt durch den einzigartigen Mechanismus des <i>Cap snatching</i>. Die mit 5'-methylierten <a href="Cap-Struktur" class="mw-redirect" title="Cap-Struktur">Cap-Strukturen</a> modifizierten zellulären mRNA werden von PB2 an der 7-Methylguanosingruppe gebunden und anschließend 10 bis 13 <a href="Nukleotide" title="Nukleotide">Nukleotide</a> nach der Cap-Struktur durch PA <a href="Nuklease" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuklease">geschnitten</a>. Die kurzen Cap-tragenden Fragmente werden von PB1 gebunden und im RNA-Polymerase-Komplex als <a href="Primer" title="Primer">Primer</a> für die Transkription viraler RNA verwendet. Bei der Replikation initiiert PB1 die RNA-Synthese. PB1 ist <a href="Phosphoryliert" class="mw-redirect" title="Phosphoryliert">phosphoryliert</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anwendungen">Anwendungen</h2></div>
<p>PB1 wird als <a href="Target_(Biologie)" title="Target (Biologie)">Target</a> bei der Entwicklung von Arzneistoffen gegen IAV untersucht.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/search?searchMethod=FullWord&searchInField=termDescriptor&sort=&size=20&searchType=exactMatch&q=RNA-directed+RNA+polymerase+catalytic+subunit">Polymerase basic Protein 1</a></i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Maurice_Hilleman" class="mw-redirect" title="Maurice Hilleman">M. R. Hilleman</a>: <i>Realities and enigmas of human viral influenza: pathogenesis, epidemiology and control.</i> In: <i>Vaccine</i> Band 20, 2002, Nr. 25–26, S. 3068–3087, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12163258?dopt=Abstract">PMID 12163258</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">R. P. Kamal, I. V. Alymova, I. A. York: <i>Evolution and Virulence of Influenza A Virus Protein PB1-F2.</i> In: <i>International journal of molecular sciences.</i> Band 19, Nummer 1, Dezember 2017, S. , <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010096">10.3390/ijms19010096</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29286299?dopt=Abstract">PMID 29286299</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5796046/">PMC 5796046</a> (freier Volltext).</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">S. Massari, L. Goracci, J. Desantis, O. Tabarrini: <i>Polymerase Acidic Protein-Basic Protein 1 (PA-PB1) Protein-Protein Interaction as a Target for Next-Generation Anti-influenza Therapeutics.</i> In: <i>Journal of medicinal chemistry.</i> Band 59, Nummer 17, September 2016, S. 7699–7718, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01474">10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01474</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27046062?dopt=Abstract">PMID 27046062</a>.</span>
</li>
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